Package of Practices for Maize,मक्का उत्पादन की उन्नत तकनीक

Package of Practices for Maize-

मक्का उत्पादन की उन्नत तकनीक 

Now cultivation of maize is done is most of the state of the country and

 Main area of maize is Andhra-Pradesh, Karnataka, and Maharashtra Madhyapradesh, Bihar, Uttarpradesh, Rajasthan etc.

Now the maize crop  has become one of the most  important crop in the country because it is less affected by disease and pest and also gives good yield at low cost. And in India day by day the business of poultry is increasing very rapidly so for the feed of hens/chickens maize is used. And at some places the oil of maize is also extracted and in some area it is used for chapatti making. And it is used in other industries also.

Preparation of Land-

    Cultivation of maize may be done in light, medium and heavy soil. The soil should be ploughed 2-3 times and land should be leveled. Drainage facility should be managed.

Improved Varieties-

Very Short Duration Varieties(80- 90 Days)	Composite variety- Jawahar Maize-8 Hybrid- Kanchan
Medium Duration Varieties(95- 100 Days)	Composite variety- Chandan Maize-3, Vijay and Mahi Dhaval Hybrid variety- Pusa hybrid 1 & 2,
Long Duration varieties (100-120 Days)	Composite variety- Prabhat  Hybrid variety- Ganga 11 , Ganga white

Private Company High Yielding Variety- 1. Short Duration- K-3712,         K-3426 (Ganga Kavery), DKC-7074 (Monsanto), JKMH-175, Rajkumar, Shaktiman, Bio -9681 (ShriRam Bioseed), NK-46 (Sygenta)

2.    Long Duration Variety- 30V92 (Pioneer), 900M Gold (Monsanto), JKMH-501 (JK Seeds), NK-6240 (Syngenta), 740 (Seedtech) etc.

Seed Rate-     7-8 kilogram per acre.

Time of Sowing-   

Crop is sown in all three season

Kharif- 15 June to 10 July

Rabi- 15 September to 15 October

Zaid- 15-30 March

Seed Treatment- The seed may be treated with trichoderma viridae or thiram, redomil or carbendazim. And the seed should we treated with azotobacter and PSB culture @ 10 gm/kg of seed.

Spacing-

For short duration- 60 cm* 20 cm

For Long Duration- 60 cm*30 cm

The plant population should be 26-32 Thousand in one acre.

Fertilizer dose-

Gobar ki Khad- 25 Quintal/ acre should be sprayed 15 day before sowing.

And 45 kg nitrogen, 25 kg Phosphorus and 12 kg Potash/Acre.

At the time of sowing 50 kg DAP and 25 kg Urea and 20 kg Murate of Potash.

After 30 Days or at nee height stage-50 kg Urea should be broadcasted.

 And Zinc sulphate @ 10 kg one time in two years should be used at time of sowing.

Irrigation – In rainy season there is no need of irrigation. Only in late September in condition of no rain irrigation may be given.

In other season rabi or Zaid crops – first irrigation after 20-25 days, second irrigation at manjari stage and third irrigation at grain forming stage should be given.

Weed Control- weeding can be done manually by the help of Khurapi/Dora and chemically by Atrazine @ 0.6 kg in 300 litre water used per acre. And in intercropping (Maize+Legume+oily crop) Pendimethylin @ 0.6 kg per acre after the sowing and before the germination.

Intercropping – In maize crop Green Gram, Black Gram and Soybean should be intercropped with maize in ratio of 2:2, 2:4, and 2:6.

And gap filling and thinning is done after 15-20 days after to maintain plant population.

Crop Protection- In maize crop mostly  stem fly, stem borer, and aphid to control them Quinalphos, 500 ml/Acre trizophos 500ml/ Acre  and Phorate @ 2 3 kg/acre may be used.

Disease- leaf spot to control it mancozeb or carbendazim @ 400 gm/ acre should be sprayed.